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What is polyploid breeding?

What is polyploid breeding?

polyploidy, the condition in which a normally diploid cell or organism acquires one or more additional sets of chromosomes. In other words, the polyploid cell or organism has three or more times the haploid chromosome number.

What is polyploidy breeding in plant breeding?

The introduction of polyploidy is a frequent technique to overcome the sterility of a hybrid species during plant breeding. For example, Triticle is the hybrid of wheat (Triticum turgidum) and Rye (Secale cereale). It combines sought-after characteristics of the parents, but the initial hybrids are sterile.

What are examples of polyploids?

Examples of important polyploid plants used for human food include, Triticum aestivum (wheat), Arachis hypogaea (peanut), Avena sativa (oat), Musa sp. (banana), many agricultural Brassica species, Solanum tuberosum (potato), Fragaria ananassa (strawberry), and Coffea arabica (coffee).

How does colchicine help polyploidy?

As microtubules function in chromosome segregation, colchicine induces polyploidy by preventing the segregation of chromosomes during meiosis that results into half of the gametes (sex cells) containing double the chromosome number than usual.

Which is an allopolyploid?

The cell or the organism in allopolyploidy state is referred to as allopolyploid. Wheat is an example of an allopolyploid with six chromosome sets. For instance, a cross between tetraploid wheat Triticum (AAAA) and rye Secale (BB) would produce a hybrid progeny with a chromosomal composition of AAB.

What is the meaning of allopolyploid?

Definition of allopolyploid : a polyploid individual or strain having a chromosome set composed of two or more chromosome sets derived more or less complete from different species.

Which is an Allopolyploid?

What is a polyploid organism?

Polyploids are organisms with three or more complete chromosome sets. Polyploidization is widespread in plants and animals, and is an important mechanism of speciation.

What is a Dihaploid?

Dihaploid refers to a haploid cell in which its nucleus contains two copies of the set of chromosomes. For instance, haploids of tetraploid species are called dihaploid. A dihaploid occurs as a result of the spontaneous or induced chromosome doubling in haploid cells during embryogenesis.

What are Allopolyploids give examples?