What is the function of oligodendrocytes?
In the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes assemble myelin, a multilayered sheath of membrane, spirally wrapped around axonal segments and best known for its role in enabling fast saltatory impulse propagation1,2.
What are Schwann cells?
Schwann cells serve as the myelinating cell of the PNS and support cells of peripheral neurons. A Schwann cell forms a myelin sheath by wrapping its plasma membrane concentrically around the inner axon.
Where is the oligodendrocyte located?
the central nervous system
Oligodendrocytes are found only in the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord.
Where is myelin located?
Myelin sheath is a substance which is found on neurons within the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Myelin sheath is the protective layer that wraps around the axons of neurons to aid in insulating the neurons, and to increase the number of electrical signals being transferred.
What happens if oligodendrocytes are damaged?
Thus, neurotransmitter receptors play an important role in the normal life of oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, if oligodendrocytes become damaged and the myelin sheath is destroyed, the action potential is reduced in velocity or ceases altogether, leading to physical or mental disability.
Where are Neurolemmocytes found?
Neurolemmocytes, also known as Schwann cells, are glial cells found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS consists of all neural structures outside the brain and spinal cord.
What is the difference between an axon and a dendrite?
Dendrites receive electrochemical impulses from other neurons, and carry them inwards and towards the soma, while axons carry the impulses away from the soma. 2. Dendrites are short and heavily branched in appearance, while axons are much longer.
What is oligodendrocyte made of?
Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They are the end product of a cell lineage which has to undergo a complex and precisely timed program of proliferation, migration, differentiation, and myelination to finally produce the insulating sheath of axons.
What are the Scleroses in multiple sclerosis and where do they occur?
Scleroses are “scars” such as plaques or lesions in the brain and spinal cord. MS is a progressive disease in which scattered patches of the protective myelin covering of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system (brain and spine) are damaged or destroyed.