What are the molecular structures of DNA and RNA?
Summary: Features of DNA and RNA
| DNA | RNA | |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Repository of genetic information | Involved in protein synthesis and gene regulation; carrier of genetic information in some viruses |
| Sugar | Deoxyribose | Ribose |
| Structure | Double helix | Usually single-stranded |
| Bases | C, T, A, G | C, U, A, G |
What is DNA and RNA structure and functions?
Nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), carry genetic information which is read in cells to make the RNA and proteins by which living things function. The well-known structure of the DNA double helix allows this information to be copied and passed on to the next generation.
Is the structure of DNA and RNA the same?
DNA and RNA are nearly identical polymers of nucleotide, except for the base pairs. DNA contains thymine while the same is substituted with uracil in RNA.
What is molecular structure of DNA?
The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases–adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
How do DNA and RNA differ quizlet?
RNA is different than DNA because it has: ribose for the sugar, uracil instead of thymine, and it is single-stranded. DNA is different than RNA because it has: deoxyribose for the sugar, thymine instead of uracil, and it is double stranded.
What are the three similarities between DNA and RNA?
Similarities between DNA and RNA: Both are made up of five carbon- pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous bases. Both are polynucleotide chains made up of a single nucleotide unit or monomers. Both biomolecules are synthesized by the polymerase enzyme. Practically, both DNA and RNA can be precipitated using alcohol.
What came first DNA or RNA?
It now seems certain that RNA was the first molecule of heredity, so it evolved all the essential methods for storing and expressing genetic information before DNA came onto the scene. However, single-stranded RNA is rather unstable and is easily damaged by enzymes.
What is the structure of DNA?
DNA and RNA Chapter 4 DNA and RNA Figure 4.1: Structure of DNA. Except for some viruses, life’s genetic code is written in the DNA molecule (aka deoxyribonucleic acid). From the perspective of design, there is no human language that can match the simplicity and elegance of DNA.
What is the structure of RNA V/s DNA?
RNA V/S DNA RNA structure There are also three main component a) Phosphate Group b) Sugar(Ribose) c) And Nitrogenous base The Nitrogenous Bases They are divided into two groups: i. Purine ii.
What are the 3D folds of RNA?
3D Folds of RNA Due to its single strand structure, the RNA molecule is less stable than DNA. Base pairing might occur between bases along the single strand giving rise to various three dimensional folds. Figure on the right: The structure of hairpin fold.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA bases?
DNA contains two purine bases (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidine bases (cytosine and thymine). In RNA the thymine base is replaced by uracil. Polar atoms in the ring or attached to the ring are capable of creating hydrogen bonds with polar atoms of other bases. 7 Sugar The sugars in DNA and RNA are pentoses (5 carbons).